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Despite the crisis of the US economy in the 1930s, the American cinematography of this period experienced the highest rise and prosperity - its "golden age". The viewer wanted to watch movies more than ever. This unexpected, at first glance, situation was explained quite simply. Along with exquisite elitist paintings by J. Ford (1895-1974) "The Grapes of Wrath", "Young Mr. Lincoln", W. Wyler (1902-1981) "The Dead Corner", "The Foxes", O. Wells (1915-1985) " Citizen Kane", which admired for its innovation in the field of drama, in the system of expressive means, stunned with its psychological depth and social significance, commercial genres are becoming widespread: gangster films, horror films, melodramas, musicals, westerns, etc. So, American cinema of the 1930s performed a certain compensatory function, distracting the viewer from life's problems.

A separate milestone of Ukrainian cinema is the screen adaptation of works of classical literature: "Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors" (1964), "Ukraine on Fire" (1967), "Stone Cross" (1968), "Natalka Poltavka" (1978), "Black Council" (2000 ) etc. Such films primarily convey the Ukrainian flavor: scenery, picturesque landscapes of Ukrainian lands, language diversity. Films based on the motives, or completely based on the plots of the classical literary heritage, supposedly remind Ukrainians that literature is easily used on big screens. Although the films have been shot since the 60s of the 20th century, their popularity has not waned.

That is why, when studying the cinematography of the 1930s, two important aspects should be taken into account: the social one, which prevailed in the cinematography of the Soviet period, German cinema and the cinematography of the United States, and the ontological one, which gave an impetus to the understanding of the processes that took place in the French cinematography of the specified period.