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Visconti Luchino(1906-1976) - Italian film director, one of the bright representatives of European elite cinema. A characteristic feature of his creative heritage is a clearly expressed thematic orientation. The leitmotif of all the director's films became the themes of family, beauty and tragic loneliness, the peculiarities of which interpretation were stimulated by the heuristic potential of the artist's biography. Paintings by L. Visconti "The Earth Trembles", "The Most Beautiful", "Rocco and His Brothers", "Death of the Gods", "Death in Venice", "People", "Family Portrait in the Interior" and "Innocent", despite stylistic differences and time distance, make up a kind of cycle. If the themes of family and tragic loneliness were the object of artistic understanding of many directors of the world, the interpretation of the theme of beauty became a feature of L. Visconti's work. Peculiarities of worldview,

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In 1911, in the suburb of Katerynoslav (modern Dnipro), director and cameraman Danylo Sakhnenko shot the first feature film of national production - "Zaporizka Sich". Since the beginning of the 20th century, preference was given to the famous plays: "Natalka Poltavka", "Naymichka", "Moskal the Magician", "Bohdan Khmelnytskyi". Pre-revolutionary cinema brought popularity to many actors, but Vira Kholodna, who was considered the queen of the screen at that time, was singled out.

Despite the crisis of the US economy in the 1930s, the American cinematography of this period experienced the highest rise and prosperity - its "golden age". The viewer wanted to watch movies more than ever. This unexpected, at first glance, situation was explained quite simply. Along with exquisite elitist paintings by J. Ford (1895-1974) "The Grapes of Wrath", "Young Mr. Lincoln", W. Wyler (1902-1981) "The Dead Corner", "The Foxes", O. Wells (1915-1985) " Citizen Kane", which admired for its innovation in the field of drama, in the system of expressive means, stunned with its psychological depth and social significance, commercial genres are becoming widespread: gangster films, horror films, melodramas, musicals, westerns, etc. So, American cinema of the 1930s performed a certain compensatory function, distracting the viewer from life's problems.

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The systematization and generalization of important material is carried out by the research of H. Filkevich "Pages of the history of film music in Ukraine" and the investigation of O. Ravlyuk-Holitsyna, dedicated to the art of cinematography in Ukraine. These topics, which were only episodically highlighted in the domestic film opinion, seem to us to be extremely promising. After all, it is no secret that the cinematography school of Ukrainian cinema has an undeniable authority all over the world. The material of the essay itself has considerable potential. The same can be said about the perspective of covering the history of film music in Ukraine (emphasis on the wide use of folk melos, which works to strengthen the emotionally meaningful coloring of screen images).

In some texts, the authors focus not so much on the film process as on its historical and social context. Thus, Z. Alfyorova draws attention to those general civilizational conflicts that were related to Ukraine and Ukrainian culture even in Soviet times. The author examines the artistic culture of Ukraine at the intersection of the influences of economic, political and socio-cultural systems and observes how the "crisis of reality", the "replacement of reality with signs of reality" is provoked both by the influence of "official" Soviet culture and the phenomena of early postmodernism. The author rightly notes that the internal dissidence of a certain circle of Ukrainian artists is reflected in the very style of screen works. However, interesting observations and theoretical generalizations do not always find concrete confirmation in the direct examination of the film process.

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