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Cinematography has its own genre-genre structure. Unlike other forms of art, the birth date of cinematography can be named absolutely precisely - December 28, 1895. It was on this day in Paris that the brothers O. and L. Lumiere demonstrated their first film program, which contained short documentary sketches: "The exit of workers from factories", "Arrival of the train", etc. The films of the Lumière brothers started the trend towards creating documentary cinema, because in all their pictures a certain immediacy of real reality was recorded.

Another vivid example is the film festival "Open Night", which for the 24th year in a row opens new Ukrainian names in the field of cinematography and television production. "We. For us. About myself" is the motto of the festival, which carries fundamental for today theses regarding Ukrainian-language cinema. The main goal of the festival is to support national cinema, joint and foreign films that preserve the traditions of Ukrainian cinematography. Everyone who wants to can present his film, the two main conditions are the Ukrainian language and a twenty-minute film duration.

Materials devoted to non-fiction films are more modest in scope. Analyzing its problems, S. Marchenko places the series "Unknown Ukraine" in the center of attention, tracing the ideological and thematic transformation of domestic non-fiction cinema, the aspiration of documentary filmmakers to acute journalistic and searching nature. The author emphasizes the complexity of the creative tasks faced by filmmakers who consider the documentary reproduction of historical events and their interpretation according to historical documents, not ideological schemes.