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The essay devoted to the history of animated cinema belongs to O. Shupyk, the author of numerous articles and books about Ukrainian animation. Having chosen the historical-theoretical aspect of presenting the material, the author singles out the main periods of formation and development of domestic animation. Paying attention to the development of new genre and stylistic solutions, O. Shupyk emphasizes the dynamic development of this type of cinematography, the appearance in its aesthetic space of philosophical parables, eccentric comedies, satirical-grotesque films on modern themes. Moreover, attention is not lost to national thoughts, fairy tales, legends, which were resolved in the folklore-epic vein. The process of changing generations, which resulted in a kind of fruitful competition, does not pass by the author's attention: the youth grew up "on the shoulders" of their predecessors, the "living classics" often followed the path of the searches that young artists were making.

("Chained with one chain", "OnBerezi", "Nuremberg Trial" ). Ownmakes the best tapesA. Hitchcock ("Vertigo", "Psycho", "Birds"), The film "Birds" in American cinema wasa new film genre was launched - a disaster film based on the struggle of man withnatural elements (fire, water, earthquake) andrepresentatives of the animal world.At the same time, young people are increasingly actively asserting themselvescinematographers . In the beginning"conflict of generations" the films "Marty" by D. Mann and "Twelveangry men" by S. Lumet,however, he threw the most serious challenge to "old Hollywood".the idol of the youth of that time J. Dean -performer of the main role ina film with a symbolic title"Rebel without an ideal".Among the prominent actors of the second half of the 50s -early 60shas a special placeMy favorites are newgenerations of Americans of different social classes Marilyn Monroe.Today, films with her participation ("All about Eve", "Niagara", "Only in jazzgirls" etc.) quiteare often shown on television. Documentaries and feature films are devoted to the life of the actresstapes, books have been written about her, but the mystery of the death of Marilyn Monroe, which is not yet knownrevealed, continues to worry future generationsher fans.In the second half of the 60s- the first half of the 70sHollywood is going through a thematic periodrenewal.

Young film directors who demonstrated their abilities were J. Lucas, S. Spielberg, M. Scorsese, F. Ford Coppola, B. de Palma. It was this group of directors that shaped modern cinema as it entered the 21st century. their films were a resounding success, and it was they who became the founders of the "blockbuster" genre. The heads of major studios trusted young directors and invited them for filming, since it was they, coming from film schools and small studios, who knew how to fit into very "modest" budgets. A new era has begun in Hollywood filmmaking.