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The slogan "Trade goes for cinema" appeared in the 20syears of the last century, that is, it is possibleto say, along with Hollywood. Together with a ticket tomoviegoers bought not only the film, but alsoadvertising of goods, which he then toowillingly bought, ideas, way of thinking . Nothing since thenhas changed: the viewer pays exactly the same for advertising, for ideas, forway of thinking . Hollywood is notonly it does not so much reflect reality - it mostly shapes it. Invention of the Lumière brothersproved to be an excellent weapon in the hands of those who 100years ago applied toCalifornia, to there, into an unremarkable town where it is forbidden to drive more than200 cattle, start a new oneera of civilization. Civilizations calledHollywood

In some texts, the authors focus not so much on the film process as on its historical and social context. Thus, Z. Alfyorova draws attention to those general civilizational conflicts that were related to Ukraine and Ukrainian culture even in Soviet times. The author examines the artistic culture of Ukraine at the intersection of the influences of economic, political and socio-cultural systems and observes how the "crisis of reality", the "replacement of reality with signs of reality" is provoked both by the influence of "official" Soviet culture and the phenomena of early postmodernism. The author rightly notes that the internal dissidence of a certain circle of Ukrainian artists is reflected in the very style of screen works. However, interesting observations and theoretical generalizations do not always find concrete confirmation in the direct examination of the film process.

An important event in the development of cinema art in the 30s was the invention of sound. This new discovery actively influenced the development of the system of cinematic expressiveness, became an important component of the film image and led to the emergence of musical film genres: musicals, film operas, etc. At the same time, analyzing this period in the history of world cinema, it is necessary to remember that the 30s of the 20th century. were associated with acute social cataclysms. On the one hand, the Great Depression, which stunned the USA, and on the other hand, the imminent danger of fascism and totalitarianism, which loomed over Europe, gave rise to feelings of insecurity, fear, and tragic foreboding in the artists of the 1930s.