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The cinema of independent Ukraine becomes the object of research by I. Zubavina. It must be said that the author set himself a difficult task: the material, one might say, is still pulsating, having "not stood up" in numerous studies. But the author decently overcomes these difficulties, singling out the most noticeable and expressive tendencies manifested in film productions created at domestic studios. I. Zubavina observes how the breath of time changes the aesthetics of national cinema, how painfully these changes sometimes occur, but the author does not doubt their regularity and necessity.

Oleksandr Petrovych Dovzhenko (1894–1956) is a Ukrainian film director, writer, artist, founder of Ukrainian film art. A specific feature of O. P. Dovzhenko's work is the movement from the mythological structures of the ancient Slavic worldview to "social order" and social myth-making, which determined the peculiarity of the periodization of the director's legacy. The first period is the stage of apprenticeship in the work of O. Dovzhenko, which is associated with the paintings "The Berry of Love". "Vasya the reformer" and "The Diplomat's Bag".

The formation of the American cinema, one of the most popular in our time, began in 1892 and was associated with the American scientist and inventor T. Edison, who constructed the kinescope. The first public screening took place in New York at the Bayel and Koster Music Hall. It consisted of small humorous and dance numbers.