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The formation of the American cinema, one of the most popular in our time, began in 1892 and was associated with the American scientist and inventor T. Edison, who constructed the kinescope. The first public screening took place in New York at the Bayel and Koster Music Hall. It consisted of small humorous and dance numbers.

A characteristic feature of French cinematography in the 30s–60s of the 20th century. was his constant connection with the processes taking place in the philosophical environment. Thus, the creativity of the country's leading cinematographers (M. Carnet, J. Renoir, A. René, etc.), who worked in different historical periods and held different aesthetic positions, was stimulated by the concepts of the outstanding European theoretician A. Bergson. The American "counterculture", which was based on the concept of neo-Freudianism, the idea of ​​youth rebellion, was represented by A. Penn's films "The Chase" and "Little Big Man"; M. Nichols "Graduate"; D. Hopper's "Light Rider"; M. Forman - "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" etc.

The logical conclusion of Ch. Chaplin's search were the films "The Tramp", "The Kid", "The Pilgrim", "On the Shoulder" and others. The second stage is the flowering of the talent of the film artist, which was convincingly evidenced by the release of his recognized masterpieces - "Lights of the Big City" and "New Times". The first and second stages of Ch. Chaplin's work are united by the image of Charlie the vagabond - a symbol of the director himself. The third stage in the artist's legacy is the stage of high professionalism associated with the films "The Great Dictator", "The King in New York". "Monsieur Verdu" and others.