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In the context of the totalitarian era, the historical film actively developed - "Alexander Nevsky" (director S. Eisenstein), "Bohdan Khmelnitsky" (director I. Savchenko), "Petro I" (director V. Petrov), the trilogy "Zlyva", "Perekop" , "Koliivshchyna" (director I. Kavaleridze).

A kind of alternative to the European cinema of the 20s was American film art, which was characterized by a realistic reflection of reality in the films of E. von Stroheim (1885–1957) - "Greed"; K. Vidora (1894–1982) - "Crowd"; in the tragicomedies of Ch. Chaplin - "Pilgrim", "Parisian Woman", "Gold Rush" and others.

Cinematography has its own genre-genre structure. Unlike other forms of art, the birth date of cinematography can be named absolutely precisely - December 28, 1895. It was on this day in Paris that the brothers O. and L. Lumiere demonstrated their first film program, which contained short documentary sketches: "The exit of workers from factories", "Arrival of the train", etc. The films of the Lumière brothers started the trend towards creating documentary cinema, because in all their pictures a certain immediacy of real reality was recorded.