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The theoretical basis of the Western avant-garde became the psychoanalytic concept of 3. Freud, the main task of which was to penetrate into the hiding place of the human psyche and explain the specifics of the unconscious. The experiments of the French avant-garde and German expressionists became vivid film illustrations of psychoanalytic theory.

That is why, when studying the cinematography of the 1930s, two important aspects should be taken into account: the social one, which prevailed in the cinematography of the Soviet period, German cinema and the cinematography of the United States, and the ontological one, which gave an impetus to the understanding of the processes that took place in the French cinematography of the specified period.

Visconti Luchino(1906-1976) - Italian film director, one of the bright representatives of European elite cinema. A characteristic feature of his creative heritage is a clearly expressed thematic orientation. The leitmotif of all the director's films became the themes of family, beauty and tragic loneliness, the peculiarities of which interpretation were stimulated by the heuristic potential of the artist's biography. Paintings by L. Visconti "The Earth Trembles", "The Most Beautiful", "Rocco and His Brothers", "Death of the Gods", "Death in Venice", "People", "Family Portrait in the Interior" and "Innocent", despite stylistic differences and time distance, make up a kind of cycle. If the themes of family and tragic loneliness were the object of artistic understanding of many directors of the world, the interpretation of the theme of beauty became a feature of L. Visconti's work. Peculiarities of worldview,